There are two types of property ownership recognized by law, jus privatum and jus publicum. Everybody’s familiar with jus privatum, also known as fee simple ownership. It means that you have title to a parcel of property, which confers upon you certain rights with respect to that property. Historically, private property rights have been defined as:
The right to control the use of your property.
The right to the benefits that accrue from your property.
The right to sell or transfer your property.
The right to exclude others from access to your property.
On the other hand, few people are familiar with jus publicum, also known as the public trust. Jus publicum ownership is always vested in the state, never in a private party. Unlike jus privatum, jus publicum is not transferrable. Furthermore, in any case where jus publicum can be established, it overrides jus privatum. Therein lies the rub. That enables the state to use jus publicum to abrogate your private property rights, without your consent and without compensation, in any situation where jus publicum can be established.
The idea of public trust goes back to English Common Law.
“Both the title and the dominion of the sea, and of rivers and arms of the sea, where the tide ebbs and flows, and of all the lands below high water mark, within the jurisdiction of the crown of England, are in the King. Such waters and the lands which they cover either at all times or at least when the tide is in, are incapable of ordinary and private occupation, cultivation, and improvement and their natural and primary uses are public in their nature, for highways of navigation and commerce, domestic and foreign, and for the purpose of fishing by all the King’s subjects. Therefore the title, jus privatum, in such lands, as of waste and unoccupied lands, belongs to the king, as the sovereign; and the dominion thereof, jus publicum, is vested in him, as the representative of the nation and for the public benefit.”
— U.S. Supreme Court, Shively v. Bowlby (1894)After the American Revolution, the thirteen former colonies that made up the newly formed Union assumed the title and rights of the King to all navigable rivers within their respective territories. The jus publicum was held to be non-transferrable, acting as a permanent public easement on the jus privatum title for purposes of navigation, commerce, and fishing, as originally designated under English Common Law. At a time when rivers were the most practical means of transporting people and goods over long distances, the free use of navigable waterways was considered essential for the development of local and interstate economies.
Excellent, youve arrived at the right destination if planning for a holiday trip. Of course, a holiday tour is needed to plan perfectly if you want to enjoy it fully. How to start with, when to visit, where to stay and how to get around the destinations are some basic yet important factors, planning about them could have a decisive impact on your trip. Well, this article brings out some useful resources to assist you in planning your holiday tour to India. Go through the resources, and plan your holiday tour utterly.
Top destinations to Visit on: India is a vast country full of fascinating travel destinations. From Himalayas mountain ranges in North to Keralas tropical rainforests in South, and Rajasthans golden deserts in West to Sikkims deep valleys in East, India encloses all kinds of tourism spreading in all its corners. You can head to Goa beaches, if you love natural beauty and recreational water sports. Visit to Keralas tropical forests, its stunning backwaters and coral beaches can also be a good move to explore India with its natural glories. If history is something that interests you the most, tour to Delhi will be the right deal for you. Being home to several historical landmarks including forts, palaces, temples and monuments, the capital city retains a unique ancient charm unmatched to anywhere else. Apart from that, tour to Rajasthan will also make you explore various enchanting monuments pertaining to rich history of India.
Transport options to get around India: India, one of the most developing countries of the world, boasts an excellent transportation through all three modes bus network, railways and air travel. Many private airlines provide domestic services to/around all major tourist spots in India. Besides this, rail network is also the best option to travel one part of India to others. India is extremely well connected through rail network that provides quality travel, from luxurious to affordable one, throughout the nation. Moreover, you can opt for the bus network to get in your preferred destination. However, this option is suitable for short-distance destinations only.
If you collect art or enjoy decorating your walls with paintings, you might be wondering what the difference is between art prints and oil painting reproductions. These terms are used interchangeably in the art world often, but they can differ greatly. Knowing the difference is important when you’re considering an art purchase.
Art Prints Defined
Art prints are identical copies of original works of art, often produced by a photomechanical process. The word “giclee” is used to describe the method of reproducing art using a printing process. Making prints is similar to making a photocopy of a hand-written letter instead of rewriting it. You have a copy of the handwriting, but not an actual hand-written letter. Artists often create prints in limited editions, and sign each painting. Prints are coveted by collectors who wish to invest in art for future profits.
Newberry is an historic town in the midlands of South Carolina, located just 35 miles northwest of Columbia. The areas mild climate affords residents and visitors the opportunity to enjoy a number of outdoor sports and activities year round. Fishing is particularly popular in the region, and the Newberry area offers several popular lakes and rivers for anglers to try.
Lake Murray, located just a few minutes south of Newberry, is a major recreation destination. The beautiful 50,000 acre lake offers some of the best largemouth and striped bass fishing in the South. In addition to bass, fishermen may also reel in catfish, crappy, yellow perch, rockfish, and bream. A number of local and national fishing tournaments are held at Lake Murray each year. Dreher Island State Recreation Area is popular with fishermen and has a marina, boat slips, boat ramps, and bait and tackle shop. Other public access points near Newberry are located at Sunset Ridge Recreation Area and Kempsons Bridge on Highway 395.
Lake Greenwood is located just a few minutes west of Newberry. Created by the construction of Buzzards Roost Dam on the Saluda River, Lake Greenwood is one of South Carolinas most scenic lakes. The lake contains over 200 miles of shoreline and offers great bass fishing. Lake Greenwood State Recreation Area provides one of the most popular access points on the lake. The park has three boat ramps for private boat access and a handicapped fishing pier.
While most of the nation and even the world has been embroiled in a gloomy economic outlook and continued downturn, Opelika, Alabama seems to take little notice of the current financial problems. The region continues to enjoy a sustained economic boom that has enabled it to emerge and prosper during the worst financial disaster since the Great Depression. In fact, the area continues to grow, with its potential unabated by ongoing economic troubles.
As you might imagine, the area has become home to an enormous number of businesses and industries. This has, of course, played a role in the ongoing economic good fortune of the district. With Hyundai and Kia Motors (two of the fastest growing global automakers) within the I-85 Corridor, it seems that all the pieces are in place for continued growth and development. A rich, diverse business environment exists, home to numerous types of industries, commercial outlets and residential developments investors have found this locale ideal for their wealth generation and management needs.
Investing in property within the Auburn-Opelika, Alabama district may be the solution for any investor’s needs. In fact, one property offering enormous potential stands head and shoulders above other options. Comprising 585 acres, this property is adjacent to the $1 billion Celebrate Alabama development and adjoins the $32 million Sportsplex and Aquatic Center, both of which should increase property values tremendously. Priced below appraisal, investors will find this a great opportunity for their needs.